GraphQL is a query language for APIs that allows clients to request exactly the information they need without receiving additional data. Developed by Facebook, GraphQL improves communication efficiency between applications, especially when working with complex data or multiple sources. Unlike REST APIs, which return predefined responses, GraphQL offers total flexibility to the user, reducing the number of requests and bandwidth consumption. It is particularly useful in environments with rich interfaces and mobile applications, where optimizing the amount of data transferred is crucial for performance. Its adoption is growing, driven by its ability to simplify and streamline application development.